{"id":4435,"date":"2025-07-31T09:53:06","date_gmt":"2025-07-31T09:53:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/glaciol\/?page_id=4435"},"modified":"2025-07-31T19:16:57","modified_gmt":"2025-07-31T19:16:57","slug":"stop_13b-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/glaciol\/index.php\/de\/stop_13b-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Stop #13b – Der Gletscher erz\u00e4hlt"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Spuren des Ersten Weltkriegs tauchen aus dem Gletscher auf. Der Berg bewahrt alles und gibt es zur\u00fcck.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In der Landschaft eingefrorene Geschichte<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Haltepunkt 13b f\u00fchrt die Besucher durch eine hochalpine Landschaft, in der sich Natur und Geschichte miteinander verweben. Genau hier, zwischen dem Forni-Gletscher und der Punta San Matteo (3.678 m \u00fc. M.), bewahrt das Gebirge die Erinnerung an die h\u00f6chstgelegenen milit\u00e4rischen Auseinandersetzungen der europ\u00e4ischen Geschichte. Am 13. August und 3. September 1918 fanden hier die Schlachten am San Matteo zwischen dem Heer des \u00f6sterreichisch-ungarischen Kaiserreichs und dem K\u00f6nigreich Italien statt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In diesem Gebiet haben sich die Zeugnisse des Krieges \u00fcberraschend gut erhalten und geben Kriegsrelikte in einer der eindrucksvollsten Landschaften der Alpen preis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Krieg in gro\u00dfer H\u00f6he<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
W\u00e4hrend des Ersten Weltkriegs wurde der Gipfel des San Matteo \u2013 zun\u00e4chst als zu unzug\u00e4nglich f\u00fcr eine dauerhafte Besetzung angesehen \u2013 1917 von \u00f6sterreichisch-ungarischen Truppen eingenommen. Von dort aus konnte man strategische \u00dcberg\u00e4nge und italienische Stellungen im Gavia- und Fornital \u00fcberblicken.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Die italienischen Streitkr\u00e4fte organisierten daraufhin einen komplexen Angriffsplan, der am 13. August 1918 von f\u00fcnf Alpini-Kolonnen ausgef\u00fchrt wurde, darunter eine unter der F\u00fchrung von Unteroffizier Pietro Caimi aus Sondrio und eine weitere unter Leutnant Giovanni Battista Compagnoni aus Santa Caterina Valfurva. Nach der Eroberung wurde der Gipfelbereich durch die Wiederverwendung \u00f6sterreichisch-ungarischer Unterst\u00e4nde in den Gipfelspalten befestigt. Am 3. September 1918 erfolgte der \u00f6sterreichische Gegenangriff mit etwa 150 Kaisersch\u00fctzen, der zur R\u00fcckeroberung des Gipfels f\u00fchrte. Dieses Gefecht und die anschlie\u00dfenden Bombardierungen durch das italienische Heer forderten auf beiden Seiten Opfer, darunter auch den Tod des Hauptmanns Arnaldo Berni aus Mantua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Das Eis gibt die Erinnerung zur\u00fcck<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mit dem fortschreitenden R\u00fcckzug des Gletschers infolge des Klimawandels treten immer neue Spuren des Krieges zutage. Alltagsgegenst\u00e4nde, Ausr\u00fcstungsreste, bauliche Elemente und Kriegsmaterialien tauchen nach \u00fcber einem Jahrhundert aus Schnee und Eis wieder auf. Besonders die \u00dcberreste von Sprengstoffmaterial stellen zwar bedeutende historische Funde dar, k\u00f6nnen aber auch potenziell gef\u00e4hrlich sein. Bemerkenswert ist, dass 2004 \u2013 fast 90 Jahre nach Kriegsende \u2013 die Leichen von drei \u00f6sterreichisch-ungarischen Soldaten auf 3.400 m \u00fc. M. gefunden wurden. Der Berg selbst erz\u00e4hlt mit seiner langsamen und stillen Ver\u00e4nderung, was l\u00e4ngst vergessen war.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Diese Funde sind grundlegend, um das Alltagsleben der Soldaten in gro\u00dfer H\u00f6he zu rekonstruieren, aber auch, um \u00fcber die Beziehung zwischen Krieg und Umwelt sowie \u00fcber die Auswirkungen des Konflikts auf die hochalpine Landschaft nachzudenken.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Abb. 1 und 2: Historische Aufnahmen aus dem Archiv Giuseppe Tuana Franguel<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Spuren des Ersten Weltkriegs tauchen aus dem Gletscher auf. Der Berg bewahrt alles und gibt es zur\u00fcck. In der Landschaft […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4435","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n
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