{"id":1280,"date":"2014-10-21T08:31:35","date_gmt":"2014-10-21T07:31:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/users2.unimi.it\/mazza\/?p=1280"},"modified":"2014-10-21T08:44:55","modified_gmt":"2014-10-21T07:44:55","slug":"algebra-1-16102014","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/2014\/10\/21\/algebra-1-16102014\/","title":{"rendered":"Algebra 1 &#8211; 16\/10\/2014"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Inverse sinistre e destre, funzioni invertibili.<\/p>\n<p>Definizione di immagine diretta e controimmagine come funzioni fra gli insiemi delle parti e comportamento rispetto all&#8217;unione e all&#8217;intersezione.<\/p>\n<p>Esercizio: Sia X un insieme finito e definiamo ARB se esiste una bigezione fra A e B, e ASB se esiste una funzione iniettiva da A a B. Dimostrare che R \u00e8 una relazione d&#8217;equivalenza e S non \u00e8 una relazione d&#8217;ordine. Sull&#8217;insieme quoziente P(X)\/R definiamo [A]T[B] se esiste una iniezione da A in B: dimostrare che \u00e8 ben definita e che \u00e8 una relazione d&#8217;ordine totale.<\/p>\n<p>Esercizio: Consideriamo le due funzioni <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6d9db4e9675fdc182e380c98d9362a15_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#102;&#44;&#103;&#58;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#78;&#125;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#105;&#103;&#104;&#116;&#97;&#114;&#114;&#111;&#119;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#78;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"95\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> definite da <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-24f200b9b1569e3617c668c4665f8b4d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#102;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#61;&#110;&#43;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"99\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> \u00a0e <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-86df6428a9d6b63272f68e3a2e6b6641_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#103;&#40;&#48;&#41;&#61;&#48;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"64\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> e <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-18c67b181ed0283736c4fac187cabf30_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#103;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#61;&#110;&#45;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"97\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> per ogni <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9501a59082ecb8f9dc3607cfb34c08cb_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#110;&#92;&#103;&#101;&#113;&#32;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"42\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/>. Dimostrare che f ammette una infinit\u00e0 di inverse sinistre ma nessuna inversa destra, mentre g ammette esattamente due inverse destre ma nessuna inversa sinistra.<\/p>\n<p>Soluzione: Notiamo che f \u00e8 iniettiva ma non suriettiva, quindi ammette inverse sinistre ma non destre (per assurdo, se avesse una inversa destra f&#8217; avremmo <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-2d805546900fdc1f9da0d046836f5153_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#102;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#105;&#114;&#99;&#32;&#102;&#39;&#61;&#105;&#100;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"82\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> che \u00e8 bigettiva, e in particolare suriettiva, quindi f sarebbe suriettiva, assurdo). Similarmente g ammette inverse destre ma non sinistre. Ora consideriamo le funzioni definite per ogni i nei naturali <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e92622f01528c6bb8661577a4a431c8d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#102;&#95;&#105;&#58;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#78;&#125;&#32;&#92;&#114;&#105;&#103;&#104;&#116;&#97;&#114;&#114;&#111;&#119;&#32;&#92;&#109;&#97;&#116;&#104;&#98;&#98;&#123;&#78;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"82\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> definite da <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-16ad34bcf652869f73f632f68984520d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#102;&#95;&#105;&#40;&#48;&#41;&#61;&#105;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"66\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> e <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-a5a05ffcc8124995ab0387b8f32c5045_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#102;&#95;&#105;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#61;&#110;&#45;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"103\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> per <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9501a59082ecb8f9dc3607cfb34c08cb_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#110;&#92;&#103;&#101;&#113;&#32;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"42\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/>. Tutte queste funzioni sono diverse fra loro (basta controllare che succede in zero) e quindi infinite, ma sono tutte inverse sinistre di f. Ora consideriamo una inversa destra h di g, cio\u00e8 abbiamo <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b3788970078284adfa7d4cb660ea9ebd_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#40;&#103;&#92;&#99;&#105;&#114;&#99;&#32;&#104;&#41;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#61;&#110;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"108\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> per ogni n nei naturali. Quindi abbiamo <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-2ac2ac8816e394d7199ba31f9dc91095_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#103;&#40;&#104;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#41;&#61;&#110;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"92\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/>. Dalla definizione di g, se <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f3f2061c44de5a578273ab13f885c857_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#104;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#61;&#48;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"67\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> allora <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6d6e54753cfae14ec13d849b99a846b2_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#103;&#40;&#104;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#41;&#61;&#103;&#40;&#48;&#41;&#61;&#48;&#61;&#110;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"180\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> quindi <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f3f2061c44de5a578273ab13f885c857_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#104;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#61;&#48;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"67\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> implica <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-cacd0dc3a2f197a15446d4ebd8679b3b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#110;&#61;&#48;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"43\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>. Se invece <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d3c1a6a4689f85de855ab1a6a1d5597d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#104;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#92;&#103;&#101;&#113;&#32;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"66\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> allora <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-2b08edebe54b9e20b81b53006db5a924_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#103;&#40;&#104;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#41;&#61;&#104;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#45;&#49;&#61;&#110;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"181\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> e quindi <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e5f9434251c60e0c6ddd92efcc191706_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#104;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#61;&#110;&#43;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"99\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/>. Quindi esistono solo due h, visto che <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d01f0affd36f59cf3a1bb02aefb768b7_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#104;&#40;&#48;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"32\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> pu\u00f2 essere 0 oppure 1, ma <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e5f9434251c60e0c6ddd92efcc191706_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#104;&#40;&#110;&#41;&#61;&#110;&#43;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"99\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> per ogni <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9501a59082ecb8f9dc3607cfb34c08cb_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#110;&#92;&#103;&#101;&#113;&#32;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"42\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Inverse sinistre e destre, funzioni invertibili. Definizione di immagine diretta e controimmagine come funzioni fra gli insiemi delle parti e comportamento rispetto all&#8217;unione e all&#8217;intersezione. Esercizio: Sia X un insieme finito e definiamo ARB se esiste una bigezione fra A e B, e ASB se esiste una funzione iniettiva da A a B. Dimostrare che &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/2014\/10\/21\/algebra-1-16102014\/\" class=\"more-link\">Leggi tutto<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Algebra 1 &#8211; 16\/10\/2014&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1234,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-didattica-algebra-1-2014-2015"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1280","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1280"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1280\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1293,"href":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1280\/revisions\/1293"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1234"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1280"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1280"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.unimi.it\/mazza\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1280"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}